Apparatus for spinning artificial silk



July 7, 1936. H sg K 2,046,93U

APPARATUS FOR SPINNING ARTIFICIAL SILK I Filed Nov, 29, 1935 4Sheets-Sheet 1 IN VEN TOR.

I (5 I 5/ HW aWY/K uip: A TTORNEYS/ 4 Sheets-Sheet 2 H. A. SCHRENKAPPARATUS FOR SPINNING ARTIFICIAL SILK Filed Nov. 29, 1933 July 7, 1936.

IANVENTOR.

Hm Maw 8 BY w ATTORNEYS.

July 7, H A SCHRENK 2 ,@4$,3

APPARATUS FOR SPINNING ARTIFICIAL SILK Filed Nov. 29, 1953 4Sheets-Sheet 3 h s. 1}. {ML

INVEN TOR.

Y I flab WWI/w! ATTORNEYS.

H. SCHRENK 7 2,046,930

APPARATUS FOR SPINNING ARTIFICIAL SILK Filed Nov. 29, v1933 I 4Sheet-Sheet 4 Patented July 7, 1936 UNITED I PATENT. OFFICE poration ofDelaware Application.November29, 1933. Serial No. 700,290 p In GermanyMarch 25, 193-3 V zClaims.

The present invention. relates to spinningandcollecting filaments orthreads of artificial silk, such as artificial silk: coagulated orprecipitated from viscose or solutions of cellulose, for exanriplesolutions'oi cellulose in cuprammonia and other solvents. Among theobjects of thejin vention is the pro vision of a processi orspinning-artificial silk according to the so-called: spoolsystem orprocess in which-the freshly spun or coagulated artificial filament orthread is wound ona spool or other carrier with desired adjustableandsubstantially constant tension. 1 A further object of the inventionis-thehprovhsion of. a. process for forming and winding artificialz'silkprepared from viscose; cupr'ammonia solutions of cellulose; and similaricellirlosic $611k tions, in which the cellulosic solutions arecoagu'ated or precipitated as thread or filaments and thereafter;without dryihg therlatter; winding them on a spool or other carrierwhi'clr'is so driven as to permit" the"- thread or filaments to exert abraking or retarding action uporithe r0 tationof'the spool cit-othercarrier; w P According to the present invention'thetension of thefilaments" or" thread beingr wound upon the spool or other carr ier ismaintained: come pletely' constant by elastically or: yleldinglyapplying power in rotating the speol or: other car- 30 rier; This isacc'omplished 'by placing between the spool or spool holders andthe-sonrcez-o'f power for driving the spool, or spoolrhoiders powertransmitting means which permitsmraking oithe spool by the; threadrbeing :wou'nd even 35 with small rise intensiom .1

In using! such an elastically oryieldingly' driven winding means it isexpedient-to place before the spoola positively driven- "cira wirig ofiimeans orwheel, for example a godet, means-oi which the filamentsorthreads are supplied wi'tlicon stant velocity and withoutslip; Foravoiding slip'gthe filaments orithread can lie wound set/1+ er'altimesaround the drawing'iroller; addig tion, tensioned'. .orlas'tically" yieliiing' filament or thread guides maybe arranged-Between"the drawing-ofifmeans and the. winding spool: rur equalizing tensiondifierences or for securing oi a certain minimum tension.- p H A still:further objectoi ,the invention is the provision; of a spinningmprocessand apparatus for artificial silk" prepared-A from.materials as abovedescribediim the'spooluon which! the threads or filaments are wound orithenholders 5e onwhich said spools are carriedgsreeacli driven througha slippingor friction clutch, or'slipping' connection from a suitablesource of power;

The slipping or friction connection according to the adjustmentof itsslipping or friction moment permits only a definite driving moment 5 tobe transmitted. The moment of the filaments or thread tension standsinequilibriuni with this driving moment, whereby the tensionof the filaements or thread upon being wound on the spool is adjustable. Thevelocity of winding must be 10 constant on account ofthe constant supplyof thread or'fi'laments. This is rendered possible since the drivingtakes place through a'slipping clutch on connection, 'wherehythe numberof revolutions of the spool can become correspondl5 ingly less as thediameter of the windings increases. As slipping or friction clutches orconneetions, the following are suitable .for use:v dry or lubricatedslipping clutch'es, hydraulic, pneu matic or magnetic couplings orclutches. lni the drawings in which the invention is ill ustrated, a V

- Figure 1" is a schematic view of one arrangementof apparatus. 7 V

. Figure 2 is a schematic View showing a rr lodi-v 25 fied arrangementof apparatus.

Figure 3' is a central longitudinal section of the holder or carrier forthe' spool on whiclr'the filaments or threads are: wound, and in whichthe yielding or slipping" om'iection is a slipping or sliding clutch.

Figure 4 is a side elevation, partly in section oi another modificationof apparatus for practice ing theiinvention; i '6 Figures is across-section on the line 5-5=oi Figure l.

Figure Gis'a yielding thread or filament guide; partly in section, which.may be employedin practicingthe invention. 1 V Figure? is a;centra'hvertical section-of another 40 modification of thread tensioningmeans.

Figure 8' is a section on the line 8'--8 of Figure '7. v Figure 9a's'chema'tic view of apparatus for practicingthe invention utilizingtheiel'astic or tension'edthread guide shown in Figures 7 and 8.

Figure 10 is a: schematic viewof apparatus for practicing: theinventio'n :utiliaing ithe teio'sioning' means for'th'e thread .orbundle of filaments shown in Figure 6. v i I Fig=ures l l and 12 arerespectively a plan and a side elevation of a modification of tensibnedor elastic thread: guide. 7

Figured? is=a plan, partly in-section of am other modification ofthreadlguide.

Referring to Figure 1, the numeral I indicates a nozzle or spinneret forthe viscose or other cellulosic solution; and I the coagulating orprecipitating bath. The filaments or threads II pass under the guide rodI2 and then over and around the uniformly and positively drivendrawing-off roller 2. The filaments or threads are wound one or moretimes around the drawing-off roller or godet wheel 2 and guide I4 toprevent slipping. By drawing-off the filaments free of slip, thesupplied quantity of filaments remains constant. From the roller orwheel 2 the filaments are conducted into a bath or plurality of baths 3,where the filaments or threads may be treated further with coagulatingagents, washing agents, desulphurizing agents, bleaching agents or otheragents used in manufacturing artificial threads or filaments. orfilaments pass under the guide I6 submerged in the liquid of bath 3;and, after leaving the bath 3, are wound upon the spool 4. If desired,the bath or baths 3 may be omitted, and the threads wound on the spool 4without pretreatment; and in this latter event a guide I6 is preferablyemployed before the spool or bobbin 4. Traversing thread or filament.guides are indicated at I5 for the purpose of distributing the threadover the surface of the spool 4.

The spool or bobbin 4 is not fixed or rigidly attached to the spooldriving shaft 5, but between the spool and the driving shaft ispositioned a sliding or slipping clutch diagrammatically indicated bythe numeral 6, the slipping of which varies with the thread or filamenttension and permits only a definite or fixed driving moment to betransmitted to the spool 4.

It is to be understood that between the spinning nozzle I and thedrawing-off roll 2, as well as between the drawing-off roll 2 and thespool 4, the threads or filaments may be subjected to varioustreatments, such as stretching and intermediate treatments With liquidtreating agents.

The sliding or slipping clutch shown in Figure 3 is an example of aclutch and spool holder construction which may be used in practice anddiagrammatically indicated at 6 in Figure 1. Referring specifically toFigure 3, A indicates a positively driven shaft of the spinning machineand on this shaft is positioned the holder B for the spinning spool C.The spool C is preferably made of metal and perforated. The shaft A inFigure 3 corresponds with the shaft 5 in Figure 1.

The spool holder B has an accessory part Ia provided with a set screw 2afor attaching it to the drive shaft A. With the accessory part la isconnected the threaded bolt or stem 3a which is provided with a fixedcone 4a and a cone 5a capable of being screwed along the bolt or member3a. The cone 5a is made secure in position by means of a jam or lock nut6a. The cones 4a and 5a serve as abutments or races for the two ballbearings Ia and 8a of the hub 9a.

With the hub 9a is connected the true spool holder Illa, which with thescrew threaded piece IIa forms a joint body. The spool holder Illasurrounds the shoulders I2a and I3a of the hub So. as shown in Figure 3.Its connection with the hub 9a is rendered possible by means of theflange or securing means I4a which is clamped by the screw piece I labetween the latter and the spool holder Illa.

On a pin or extension I5a of the bolt 30. is placed a plate Ilia whichcan freely movelongitudinally back and forth along the extension Thethreads.

I5a, but which is secured against turning relative to the extension I51;and the member Ed by means of a screw I'Ia which slidably engages withina groove of the extension Wu. The plate IGa is pressed against afriction surface ISa on the member IIa by means of a spiral spring I3apositioned about the extension I5a. The numeral 2011 indicates alubricating cap or an inlet for lubricant. The plate IBa. is providedwith a friction or sliding surface which engages the correspondingfriction or sliding surface I9a.

The accessory part Ia is provided with a beveled portion 2Ia which fitswithin a correspondingly beveled portion 22a of the spool holder Illa. Acircular ridge 23a is provided on the spool holder Illa adjacent thepart Ia. The partsof the device are so dimensioned that, when assembled,the part Ia and its beveled surface 2Ia are normally out of contact withthe spool holder Illa. The purpose of the ridge 23a is to reducefriction between the part Ia and the spool holder Illa as much aspossible when the parts of the device become worn by use, and to thisend the ridge 23a is sufiiciently high to contact with the inner end ofthe part Ia in a bearing relationship before the beveled surfaces 2Ia.and 22a contact with each other.

A rubber or elastic ring 24a is placed or stretched over the spoolholder IGa and is adapted to fit in spaced circular depressions 25a and26a surrounding the spool holder Iila. The purpose of the ring 24a is toattach or fasten the perforated spool C, upon which the threads orfilaments are wound, to the spool holder Illa.

The perforated spool C is shown attached to the holder Illa in Figure 3.The external diameter of the ring 24a is somewhat larger than theinternal diameter of the spool C sothat the ring 24a is compressedbetween the spool C and the spool holder Illa when the spool C is pushedon the holder I 0a.. As a result, the spool C will be held for rotationwith the holder Illa. When the spool is pulled off the holder, therubber ring rolls upon the surface 21a and thereafter into thedepression 26a; then when a new spool is pushed over the holder therubber ring 26a rolls back to the depression 25a in a similar manner.This construction greatly facilitates effectively attaching the spool tothe holder and detaching it therefrom. It will be readily understoodthat the spool C in Fig. 3 corresponds with the spool 4 in Figure 1.

In Figure 2 which shows a modified arrangement of apparatus, lb denotesthe spinneret;

I 0b, the coagulating bath; I2b, a guide rod; 21),

the positively and uniformly driven drawing-off roll or godet wheel;IIb, a pulley or guide rod; 201), a positively and uniformly drivenstretching roll; IBb, a guide rod submerged in the after treating bathor baths 3b; 4b, a spool on which the threads or filaments are wound;6b, a friction clutch, for example as shown in Figure 3; 5b, apositively driven drive shaft; I5b, a thread guide reciprocating beforethe spool 4b for distributlng the thread IIb over the surface of thespool 41). The stretching roll or wheel b is driven at a greaterperipheral speed than the drawing-off roll 2b in order to producestretching between the drawing-off roll 2b and the roll 2%. Thefilaments II b follow the path shown in the drawings. The filaments maybe wound one or more times around the godet wheel 2b and may simply passover or may be wound one or more times around the positively driven roll2%. The after treating baths in the arrangement of apparatus shown inFigure '3 maybe eliminated, and the thread or filaments spooled withoutthe use of after treating baths or liquids.

InFigures 4 and 5 is shown a modification of the invention in which thedriving of the spool or bobbin is accomplished by means of an-airturbine driven by compressed .air, In these views 30 indicates aplurality of shafts to which the turbines v3| are attached at one end;and at the opposite end of each shaft is attached a spool holder 32which detachably carries the spool 33. Only one spool holder and spoolshown for the purpose of simplifying the drawings. The shafts 30 aresupported in ball bearings as shown. The pipe 34 carries compressed airto the turbines 3! for driving the latter and. the shafts 3D. The pipe34 has two branches 35 and 36, each of which are again branched as shownin Figure 5.

In practicing the present invention it has been found that it isadvantageous to equalize the filament or thread tension on the part ofthe filaments or thread before the spool, on which the filaments orthreads are wound, by means of an elastic or elastically mounted threadguide, for example elastically or yieldingly mounted hooks or smallrolls. The advantages of this mode of operation consist in this that amore rapid or energetic traverse of the thread in spooling can beemployed, that is to say, a quicker reciprocating movement of the threadguide before the spool can be used. Besides, in this case, the tensionof the thread or filaments can be less. Examples of suitable elastic oryielding thread guides and their use for this purpose are shown inFigures 6, 7, 8, 9, 10, 11, 12, and 13.

Referring to Figure 9, lo indicates the spinneret; lilo, the coagulatingor precipitating bath; I20, a thread guide; 2c, a positively anduniformly driven drawing-01f roll or wheel around which the filaments orthreads may be wound one or more times; 30, after treating bath orbaths; 4c, the spool or bobbin on which the filaments or threads arewound; 50, a shaft positively driven from any suitable source of power;60, a friction or slipping clutch, for example, as shown in Figure 3,placed between the drive shaft 50 and the spool 40; I50, a thread guidereciprocating before the spool 40 to distribute the filaments or threadover the surface of the spool. As shown in Figure 9, the threads orfilaments llc pass from the spinneret through the coagulating bath, thenunder the guide I20 to the drawing-off roll 20. From the drawing-offroll 20 the thread or filaments pass under the hook portion of thethread guide I60, the details of construction of said thread guide beingshown in Figures '7 and 8 on larger scale than in Figure 9. The threador filaments pass from the thread guide IBc to the winding spool orbobbin 4c.

The thread guide shown in Figures 7, 8 and 9 comprises a cylindricalportion 300 made of cork, or other suitable light material, and istraversed longitudinally by an opening 3lc. Attached to the cork portion300 about midway of its ends is a porcelain hook 320 under which thefilaments or thread Ilc pass, as shown in Figures 7, 8 and 9. Throughthe opening 3| 0 is passed a slender elastic or rubber band 330. Thefree ends of the elastic or rubber band are advan-' 34c and 350 attachedto the bottom of thetreating bath 30, so as to enable the hook 320 to beheld below or above the surface of the-liquid of the after treating bath30. In Figure 7 the rubber :band 330 is long enough to permit the threadlie to pass under the hook 320 above the surface of the liquid of thebath 30, which construction is used when it is not desired to submitthe. threads or filaments to the action of the bath .30., However, inFigure 9 the rubber band 330 has been shortened to cause the hook 320and the thread or filaments llc to be submerged in the liquid in thebath 3c in order to accomplish after treatment of the threads orfilaments. This shortening may be accomplished in any suitable manner,for example, by winding the rubber band around the hooks 34c and 350until the desired shortening is produced. The cork 30c imparts buoyancyto the hook 320 in the liquid of the treating bath.

In the modified arrangement of apparatus shown in Figure 10, idindicates the spinneret; lllcZ, the coagulating or precipitating bath;[2d, a thread guide, 2d, a positively driven drawingoff roll or godetwheel; I611, a thread guide shown in Figure 6; 4d, a spool or bobbin onwhich the filaments or threads Ild are wound; 15d, a guide fordistributing the thread or filament on the spool or bobbin 4d; 5dindicates a drive shaft driven from any suitable source of power; and 6dindicates a slipping clutch or yielding driving connections, forexample, as shown in Figures 3, 4 and 5. The thread guide ltd comprisesa long piece of cork 419d (see Figure 6), for example in the shape of arod, to the top end of which is secured a porcelain hook Md under whichthe thread or filament lld passes on its way to the bobbin 4d as shownin Figure 10. The cork body constitutes a float and is weighted at thelower end by means of a small body of lead 4211 (see Figure 6). Thethread guide shown in Figure 6 is used as shown in Figure 9. It isplaced in a container 43d in which water is placed, the depth of thewater being sufficient to permit the device to float. The mass of lead42d maintains the device upright. As the tension on the thread lidincreases the device is pulled further out of the water and hence pullsharder against the thread passing under the hook Md.

The thread guide shown in Figures 11 and 12 comprises a corrosionresistant wire arm 50, coiled in the form of a spring 5! at the endadapted to be connected with supporting means and bent at right anglesat the opposite end to receive a pulley or grooved roller 52. Stop means53 and 54 are fixed on the wire on each side of the roller 52 to hold itin proper position.

The thread guide shown in Figure 13 comprises a rod 66 which is joinedto a stud 6| on a suitable supporting means by means of a piece ofrubber or elastic tube, the rod 60 being spaced somewhat from the stud6| as shown in the drawings. At the opposite end of the rod 60, whichmay be made of glass or metal which resists corrosion, is secured thepulley or grooved guide roller 62. The roller 62 is advantageouslycarried on an extension 63 attached to the rod .60 by any suitableconnection, indicated by the numeral 64. Retaining means 65 and 66 areused on the extension 63 for retaining the roller 62 in operativeposition.

The thread guide means shown in Figures 11, 12 and 13 may be used assubstitutes for the thread guide means I6, I61), I60, and I611 shownrespectively in Figures 1, 2, 9 and 10.

I claim:

1. An apparatus for spinning artificial silk filaments comprising incombination, a spinnerette, a bath for coagulating the filaments, adrawing 01f roller for drawing the filaments from the spinnerette andthrough the coagulating bath, a rotatable collecting device for windingthe filaments thereon, and means for regulating the tension imposed uponthe filaments during the

